따라서 전송장비의 문제점이 발생하면 라우터의 인터페이스도 장애가 발생할 경우가 생긴다.
전송장비의 장애가 발생했을 때 이를 얼만큼 기다렸다가 감지할지를 설정하는 것이 POS delay trigger라고 생각하면 된다.
예를 들어 전송장비가 보통 10ms 안에 장애가 고쳐지면 pos delay trigger line 20 이라고 하면 20msec 동안 전송장비의 장애를 모른척하고 있다고 보면 된다. 20msec 안에 전송장비가 고쳐지고 감사한 일이고 그렇지 않으면 인터페이스 장애 -> 라우팅 장애를 발생하여 라우팅을 변경시키면 된다.
따라서 이는 layer1과 layer2 간의 장애 전파에 관한 trade-off가 된다.
아래를 보면
POS 장애 후 바로 복구가 되었다 하더라도 POS 인터페이스는 10초 후 up으로 올라오게 되어 있다.
Upon alarm clearance, POS Driver will wait 10seconds + <Carrier-Delay> before turning the interface back up, hence before triggering ISIS convergence
참고 :
POS 스펙관련(Cisco)
http://www.cisco.com/en/US/prod/collateral/modules/ps2831/ps4370/product_data_sheet09186a0080092241_ps368_Products_Data_Sheet.html
http://www.cisco.com/en/US/tech/tk482/tk607/technologies_tech_note09186a008034c1c8.shtml
from 2002 nanog
Timeline:
|----------|----------|----------|----------|----------| T0 T1 T2 T3 T4 T5
Here:
-
t0—Time when the defect occurs.
-
t1—Time when the hardware detects the defect.
-
t2—Time when the defect gets reported as a failure.
-
t2-t3—Time that is held off for any configured triggers.
-
t3-t4—Time for which you wait due to carrier delay.
-
t4—Time when the interface actually comes down in IOS.
-
t5—Time at which any adjacency for a routing protocol comes down.
* 시스코 장비에서의 설정
Condition
Result
If you have configured nothing explicitly related to POS triggers.
Line level triggers are processed immediately.
If you have configured the pos delay triggers line command.
Line level triggers are processed after a delay of 100ms.
If you have configured the pos delay triggers line x command.
Line level triggers are processed after x msecs, where x is between 0 and 511.
* Juniper 장비의 설정
To configure hold timers, include thehold-time
statement at the [edit interfacesinterface-name
sonet-options
trigger
defect
] hierarchy level:[edit interfaces
interface-name
sonet-options triggerdefect
]hold-time up
milliseconds
downmilliseconds
;
Figure 4 – Protected DWDM NetworkIn this scenario, we need not use Path triggers, because the DWDM network does not participate at the SONET protocol level. The router detects any failure at the SECTION or LINE level.
Again, because the DWDM network is internally protected, a failure internal to the network causes restoration to soon occur. The router typically sees a very brief LOS, LOF, or a burst of BIP errors.
Therefore, you only need to decide whether a holdoff is desirable in this network.
The pos delay triggers line command is sufficient in this situation, if you choose a delay.
시스코 장비에서 Protected DWDM 으로 동작할 경우에는 pos delay triggers line 설정을 권고함
이는 100msec delay를 써주는 것이 좋다는 의미힘